By David Coggon, David Barker, Geoffrey Rose
This perennial bestseller is a perfect introductions to epidemiology in wellbeing and fitness care. The fifith editon keeps the book's simplicity and brevity, whilst offering the reader with the center components of epidemiology wanted in future health care perform and learn. The textual content has been revised all through, with new examples brought to carry the e-book correct brand new.
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Additional info for Epidemiology for the Uninitiated
Example text
We have already cited a coronary heart disease prevention project in which the units of study were the workforces of different factories. As in studies of individuals, interventions in populations can be randomly allocated. However, if the number of populations under comparison is small then randomisation may not be of much value. Instead, it may be better to assign interventions in a deliberately planned way to ensure maximum comparability between different intervention groups. Control of residual confounding can be strengthened 55 Epidemiology for the Uninitiated by comparing study and control populations before and after the intervention is introduced.
For example, in a study to examine the long term incidence of hypothyroidism after treatment with radioiodine for thyrotoxicosis, it was possible to identify treated patients and obtain the information needed to follow them up (name, date of birth, sex, address, etc) by searching hospital files. When existing records are exploited in this way, the required information is normally abstracted on 30 Planning and conducting a survey to a specially designed form or even directly on to a portable computer.
In a trial of the cholesterol lowering drug, clofibrate, the treated group showed a reduced incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction, but their overall mortality was more than in untreated controls. This excess mortality could not be attributed to any single cause of death, but may have reflected unsuspected side effects of treatment. The statistical analysis of randomised controlled trials is too complex to cover in a book of this length, and readers who wish to learn about the methods used should consult a more advanced text.